武漢新東方語(yǔ)法營(yíng) 冠詞的語(yǔ)法指導(dǎo)

一、定冠詞the_

1. 定冠詞the和一個(gè)形容詞連用,代表一類人.若其作主語(yǔ),則其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.如:

he fired me, but, soon he was among the unemployed. 他解雇了我,但不久他也加入了失業(yè)大軍.

the oppressed are doomed to fight against an unjust government. 被壓迫的人民注定要反抗不公正的政府.

2. 由普通名詞和另外一些詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前多數(shù)要加定冠詞.如:

1) 某些國(guó)名前: the people's republic of china, the united states, the netherlands, the philippines, the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland;=1>b?

2) 報(bào)紙名稱前: the washington post 《華盛頓郵報(bào)》, the new york times《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》, the times 《泰晤士報(bào)》, the observer 《觀察家報(bào)》, the daily mail 《每日郵報(bào)》e6sxi

3) 某些節(jié)假日前: the spring festival春節(jié), the mid-autumn day中秋節(jié)vgg6>"

但也有一些這類專有名詞前不加定冠詞.如:

1) trafalgar square (英國(guó)倫敦)特拉法加廣場(chǎng), tian'anmen square 天安門廣場(chǎng)

2) 節(jié)假日名稱前: new year's day 新年, lunar new year's day春節(jié), national day國(guó)慶節(jié), may day五一節(jié), carnival狂歡節(jié),easter復(fù)活節(jié), christmas圣誕節(jié), halloween萬(wàn)圣節(jié), april fools' day愚人節(jié)

3) 雜志名稱前: news week 《新聞周刊》, times 《時(shí)代》(周刊), reader's digest 《讀者文摘》, english language teaching (journal)《英語(yǔ)教學(xué)》, beijing review 《北京周報(bào)》

3. 一些樂器名稱前面通常用the, 如play the guitar, play the piano.但在一些特殊的表達(dá)中不用the,如with kenney rogers on saxophone, with miles davis on trumpet.體育比賽的項(xiàng)目前也不加定冠詞,如play chess, play volleyball / basketball.

4. 一年四季spring, summer, autumn /fall, winter 前,可用亦可不用定冠詞,意思基本一樣,但在美語(yǔ)中,通常為in the fall

5. 物質(zhì)名詞前一般不加定冠詞,但當(dāng)一些物質(zhì)名詞不用于一般意義,而表示該物質(zhì)的特定部分,特別是當(dāng)其有限制性定語(yǔ)時(shí),常加定冠詞.如:

it's not so cold today, let's take a walk in the snow. 今天不太冷,咱們?nèi)ヌぱ┥⑸⒉桨?

is the water in this shallow well polluted,too? 這口淺井里的水也污染了嗎?

would you mind opening the window? the air is so bad in the classroom. 打開窗戶你不介意吧?教室里的空氣太不新鮮了.

the steel china produce in recent years is of much better quality, and can be used to the manufacturing of cars' axis. 中國(guó)近些年生產(chǎn)的鋼材質(zhì)量好多了,可以用來(lái)制造車軸.

hurry up! we must wipe off the dust on the chairs before the meeting. 快點(diǎn)!我們必須在會(huì)議開始前把椅子上的塵土擦掉.

6. 在一些介詞短語(yǔ)的表達(dá)中(大多指擊打、疼痛及類似的表達(dá)), the放在有關(guān)身體部位的名詞前代替物主代詞.試比較: